ISCO 1

Managers

Leadership, coordination, budget, and strategic accountability.

Occupation groups

ISCO aggregates in this family

Employees

231,000

Sum across mapped groups

Avg. AI impact

5.4/10

job-weighted

Median earnings

€83K

gross annual, weighted

Interactive breakdown of employment and exposure inside this ISCO family.

Employment by AI impact (0–10)

Managers

Job share (top 8 groups)

1. Administrative & commercial managers · 87,900 (38.1%)
2. Production & specialised services ma · 75,100 (32.5%)
3. Hospitality & retail managers · 34,400 (14.9%)
4. Public administration managers & sen · 33,600 (14.5%)

Occupation groups in this family

Hospitality & retail managers · 34,400 · AI 4/10
Administrative & commercial managers · 87,900 · AI 6/10
Production & specialised services managers · 75,100 · AI 5/10
Public administration managers & senior officials · 33,600 · AI 6/10

Source & methodology

Employment: Eurostat lfsa_egai2d (EU LFS / Mikrozensus AKE 2024) by ISCO-08, split using NACE sector weights (nama_10_a64_e). Pay: Structure of Earnings Survey 2022 (Statistik Austria OGD). AI impact: Karpathy-compatible 0–10 rubric. Outlook: WIFO/AMS employment forecast 2023–2030.

Pipeline: deterministic, no LLM at build time, all source data publicly downloadable (OGD), 99 hypothesis-driven verification tests. Full methodology →